Introduction to White Virgin PBT Material White virgin PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) material is an excellent engineering plastic with the following characteristics: I. Physical Properties Appearance: It has a pure white color with uniform hue and good gloss. Density: Generally between 1.31 - 1.55 g/cm³. Relatively light, which is convenient for processing and transportation. High mechanical strength: It has outstanding tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength. At room temperature, white virgin PBT material can withstand large external forces without easily breaking or deforming, making it suitable for manufacturing various structural parts. Good dimensional stability: Under different temperature and humidity conditions, the dimensional change of white virgin PBT material is small, which can ensure the precision and stability of products. II. Chemical Properties Chemical resistance: It has good tolerance to most organic solvents, acids, alkalis and salt solutions. In some harsh chemical environments, white virgin PBT material can still maintain stable performance and is not easily corroded. Flame retardancy: Some white virgin PBT materials have certain flame retardant properties, which can meet the requirements of applications with high flame retardant requirements. Electrical insulation: It has good electrical insulation properties and can be used to manufacture electrical and electronic components. III. Processing Properties Good fluidity: During the processing process, white virgin PBT material has good fluidity, is easy to fill molds, and has high molding efficiency. Good thermal stability: It can be processed at relatively high temperatures without decomposition, and the processing temperature range is wide. Recyclability: White virgin PBT material can be recycled and reused, meeting environmental protection requirements. IV. Application Fields Electronic and electrical field: Widely used in electronic components such as connectors, sockets, switches, and coil bobbins, as well as electrical appliance housings such as televisions, computers, and printers. Automotive field: Can be used to manufacture automotive parts such as bumpers, lamp housings, and instrument panels. Mechanical equipment field: Suitable for manufacturing mechanical parts such as gears, bearings, and cams. Household goods field: Can be used to manufacture electrical appliance housings, tableware, toys, etc. In conclusion, white virgin PBT material has been widely used in multiple fields due to its excellent properties, providing reliable material support for the development of various industries.

Special materials for alloy chopsticks White / Supor Green / Deep Sea Blue / Sweet Orange / Begonia Red / Military Grass Green PBT (Polybutylene terephthalate) can be used to make alloy chopsticks. PBT material has good heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Applying it to the manufacture of alloy chopsticks can make the chopsticks stable and not easy to deform in a high-temperature environment (such as hot soup and hot dishes). At the same time, the chemical stability of PBT enables it to resist the erosion of acid-base components and various seasonings in food, prolonging the service life of chopsticks. Its higher mechanical strength also ensures the durability of chopsticks in daily use and is not easy to break or damage. However, in practical applications, factors such as the compatibility of PBT with other alloy components, cost and production process need to be considered to ensure that the produced alloy chopsticks not only meet the performance requirements, but also have economic feasibility and good market competitiveness. The advantages of the special material for alloy chopsticks, in addition to the previously mentioned good heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength, no mold, no deformation, easy cleaning, good anti-slip properties, etc., usually also include the following aspects: - **Safe and hygienic**: Alloy chopsticks generally have passed the national food-grade hygiene and safety tests and can be in direct contact with food. For example, its material pps (polyphenylene sulfide) is high-temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, has good dimensional stability, and is safe and non-toxic. - **Good surface gloss**: The appearance is relatively beautiful. - **Rich in color**: It is suitable for products with various high-color requirements and meets the aesthetic needs of different consumers. - **No white gas lines**: This means that it does not contain non-environmental plasticizer toughening components that may be highly harmful to human health. The ultra-high density of the surface of the chopstick body can prevent oil stains from penetrating and will not give bacteria a chance to breed. - **High temperature resistance**: It can withstand high-temperature disinfection, such as boiling in boiling water or placing in a high-temperature disinfection cabinet, without problems such as melting, breaking and deformation. - **Strong toughness**: It has strong toughness and is not easy to break. - **Protect bowls and have a good feel**: Compared with metal chopsticks, it causes less damage to bowls during use and has a more comfortable feel. However, the quality of alloy chopsticks is also related to factors such as the production process and the manufacturer. When choosing, products that meet national standards should be selected, and regular replacement should be noted to ensure the safety of use. At the same time, during use, the chopsticks should also be kept clean and hygienic and disinfected regularly. The advantages of the special material for alloy chopsticks, in addition to the previously mentioned good heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength, no mold, no deformation, easy cleaning, good anti-slip properties, etc., usually also include the following aspects: - **Safe and hygienic**: Alloy chopsticks generally have passed the national food-grade hygiene and safety tests and can be in direct contact with food. For example, its material pps (polyphenylene sulfide) is high-temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, has good dimensional stability, and is safe and non-toxic. - **Good surface gloss**: The appearance is relatively beautiful. - **Rich in color**: It is suitable for products with various high-color requirements and meets the aesthetic needs of different consumers. - **No white gas lines**: This means that it does not contain non-environmental plasticizer toughening components that may be highly harmful to human health. The ultra-high density of the surface of the chopstick body can prevent oil stains from penetrating and will not give bacteria a chance to breed. - **High temperature resistance**: It can withstand high-temperature disinfection, such as boiling in boiling water or placing in a high-temperature disinfection cabinet, without problems such as melting, breaking and deformation. - **Strong toughness**: It has strong toughness and is not easy to break. - **Protect bowls and have a good feel**: Compared with metal chopsticks, it causes less damage to bowls during use and has a more comfortable feel. However, the quality of alloy chopsticks is also related to factors such as the production process and the manufacturer. When choosing, products that meet national standards should be selected, and regular replacement should be noted to ensure the safety of use. At the same time, during use, the chopsticks should also be kept clean and hygienic and disinfected regularly.

Carbon fiber staple fibers are short fibers obtained by cutting continuous carbon fiber filaments into specified lengths. It has many excellent characteristics, such as high carbon content, excellent mechanical properties, good chemical stability, excellent electrical properties, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, high temperature resistance, small expansion coefficient, light weight, low density, high specific strength and specific modulus (much higher than steel and aluminum alloys), etc. Its application fields are very wide, including but not limited to the following aspects: - **Reinforced modified plastics**: It is used for the reinforcement and modification of plastics such as nylon (PA), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), phenolic (PF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyimide (PI), etc. - **Construction field**: Such as carbon fiber reinforced cement, conductive coatings, anti-static flooring, etc. - **Electric heating field**: It is used for conductive paper, electric heating plates, conductive surface felts, needled felts, conductive mats, etc. - **Shielding materials**: It can be used to manufacture shielding smoke, shielding curtain walls, etc. - **Heat insulation and insulation materials**: It is used for carbon fiber reinforced refractory billets and bricks, carbon fiber reinforced ceramics, etc. - **New energy field**: It is applied in aspects such as wind power generation, friction materials, electrodes of fuel cells, etc. - **Aerospace field**: It can be used as a candidate material for aerospace, such as for manufacturing aircraft wings, aircraft brake pads, rocket nozzle throat liners, missiles and other components on space shuttles, and using its dimensional stability to make platforms supporting cameras on reconnaissance satellites, etc. - **Automotive field**: It is used for manufacturing automotive leaf springs, drive shafts and other components. - **Sports, leisure and daily necessities**: Common ones include golf clubs, fishing gear, tennis rackets, badminton rackets, arrow shafts, bicycles, rowing boats, etc. The performance and application of carbon fiber staple fibers depend on its specific specifications, surface treatment and other factors. In actual use, the appropriate carbon fiber staple fiber products need to be selected according to different needs and application scenarios. At the same time, with the continuous advancement of technology, its application fields may further expand.

The mechanical properties of PBT are similar to those of PA (polyamide, nylon) and POM (polyoxymethylene), which means it performs well in terms of withstanding external forces, tensile resistance and compressive resistance. Its characteristics of a small friction coefficient and good self-lubrication enable it to reduce wear in moving parts, improve the service life and operating efficiency of the parts. Good thermal stability and chemical stability prevent PBT from changing its performance in high temperatures and various chemical environments. The excellent electrical insulation property enables it to provide reliable insulation protection in electrical components. PBT has high rigidity and hardness, and can withstand large loads without deformation. At the same time, it can also show good resistance when impacted and is not easy to break. High dimensional stability helps to ensure the precise dimensions of injection-molded parts and reduce errors. Good heat resistance allows it to work normally at high temperatures. Due to these advantages, PBT is generally applied to the decorative rings of headlamps and the brackets in adjustment devices. After modification, by combining PBT with ASA (acrylonitrile - styrene - acrylate copolymer) and adding glass fiber reinforcement, the performance of the material is further enhanced and can be used to make the shell of fog lamps. Such modification can enhance the strength, weather resistance and impact resistance of the material, better meeting the requirements of the fog lamp shell in complex usage environments. For example, the decorative rings of headlamps of some automotive brands have adopted PBT materials, ensuring stability and reliability during long-term use. In the application of fog lamp shells, the modified PBT material can withstand various tests such as vibrations, temperature changes and possible collisions during vehicle driving.

The mechanical properties of PBT are similar to those of PA (polyamide, nylon) and POM (polyoxymethylene), which means it performs well in terms of withstanding external forces, tensile resistance and compressive resistance. Its characteristics of a small friction coefficient and good self-lubrication enable it to reduce wear in moving parts, improve the service life and operating efficiency of the parts. Good thermal stability and chemical stability prevent PBT from changing its performance in high temperatures and various chemical environments. The excellent electrical insulation property enables it to provide reliable insulation protection in electrical components. PBT has high rigidity and hardness, and can withstand large loads without deformation. At the same time, it can also show good resistance when impacted and is not easy to break. High dimensional stability helps to ensure the precise dimensions of injection-molded parts and reduce errors. Good heat resistance allows it to work normally at high temperatures. Due to these advantages, PBT is generally applied to the decorative rings of headlamps and the brackets in adjustment devices. After modification, by combining PBT with ASA (acrylonitrile - styrene - acrylate copolymer) and adding glass fiber reinforcement, the performance of the material is further enhanced and can be used to make the shell of fog lamps. Such modification can enhance the strength, weather resistance and impact resistance of the material, better meeting the requirements of the fog lamp shell in complex usage environments. For example, the decorative rings of headlamps of some automotive brands have adopted PBT materials, ensuring stability and reliability during long-term use. In the application of fog lamp shells, the modified PBT material can withstand various tests such as vibrations, temperature changes and possible collisions during vehicle driving.

Nylon, with the chemical name polyamide (abbreviated as PA), is a general term for thermoplastic resins containing repetitive amide groups —(NHCO)— on the molecular main chain. It was the first synthetic fiber developed by the outstanding American scientist Carothers and his research team. Its emergence was a major breakthrough in the synthetic fiber industry and an important milestone in polymer chemistry. The raw materials of nylon are usually coal, water and air. It is generally formed by synthesizing the two basic chemical substances hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, and then polymerizing them by mixing them together. Common types of nylon include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, etc. Nylon has the following characteristics: - **Excellent mechanical properties**: Good tensile strength, impact strength and rigidity, excellent wear resistance, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are better than those of general plastics. - **Good self-lubricating property**: Low friction coefficient, and the addition of fillers such as molybdenum disulfide and graphite can further improve the wear resistance. - **Better electrical insulation**: However, the resistance value will decrease with the increase of temperature and water absorption rate, and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss will increase. - **Excellent chemical corrosion resistance**: It can withstand hydrocarbons, oils and general solvents; but water and alcohols and their similar compounds can cause it to swell and it can be dissolved in polar phenolic compounds and methanol solutions of calcium chloride at room temperature. - **In terms of thermal properties**: The melting temperature range is narrow, the heat distortion temperature is not high, and the distortion temperature can be increased after being reinforced with glass fibers; the thermal conductivity is very low, and the coefficient of linear expansion is large. - **Environmental resistance**: The performance is stable under indoor room temperature environment and remains unchanged for a long time, but when exposed outdoors, especially when the temperature exceeds 60°C, the performance will gradually decline. There are many varieties of nylon. According to the classification of the polymerization mechanism, it can be divided into nylon l prepared by ring-opening polymerization of lactams (l represents the number of carbon atoms in the repetitive lactam), and nylon mp prepared by condensation polymerization of diamines and diacids (m and p are the number of carbon atoms in the repetitive diamines and diacids, respectively). Common types of nylon are as follows: - **Nylon 6**: It is formed by ring-opening polymerization of lactam under the action of high temperature and initiator. It is a milky white or slightly yellow crystalline polymer with a melting point of 215-225°C, a glass transition temperature of 48°C, a long-term heat resistance temperature of 105°C, and a continuous use temperature of 65°C. It has self-extinguishing property, high water absorption rate, excellent wear resistance and self-lubricating property, and strong solubility to hydrocarbon organic solvents. - **Nylon 66**: It is prepared by melt polycondensation of equimolar hexanediamine and adipic acid at 270-275°C. It is a semi-transparent or opaque milky white crystalline polymer with a melting point of 260-265°C, a glass transition temperature of 65°C, a heat distortion temperature of 70°C, and can jump to 250°C after adding 30% glass fiber. It has good insulation performance, but the electrical performance will decrease with the increase of temperature and water absorption rate. It also has high strength, hardness, rigidity and creep resistance, excellent fatigue resistance, and good tolerance to most solvents at high temperatures, but it is vulnerable to the corrosion of inorganic acids, chlorinated solvents and heavy metal salts. - **Nylon 1010**: First, decanediamine and sebacic acid are synthesized into polyamide 1010 salt, and then heated and melted to be prepared by dehydration polycondensation reaction. It is a white or light yellow solid, non-toxic and odorless, with a density of 1.03-1.05g/cm3 and a melting point of 195-210°C. It has low hygroscopicity, good cold resistance, high rigidity, excellent wear resistance and self-lubricating property, is elastic, has good impact resistance, good dielectric performance, good solvent resistance, and can be dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, phenols and formic acid, etc., but insoluble in hydrocarbons, lipids, lower alcohols and general organic solvents. Nylon can be processed by methods such as injection molding, extrusion molding, and monomer casting, and is widely used in many fields such as automobiles, electronic and electrical, machinery, daily necessities, and sports goods. For example, in the automotive industry, nylon can be used to manufacture engine parts, electrical parts, vehicle body parts and automotive pipes, etc.; in the electronic and electrical industry, it can be used to manufacture rice cookers, electric vacuum cleaners, high-frequency electronic food heaters, air conditioner pipes, terminals, switches and resistors, etc.; in the mechanical industry, it can be used to manufacture gears, turbines, bolts, nuts, housings and other large mechanical parts; in terms of daily necessities, nylon films can be used for food packaging; in sports, it can be used to make ski boards, racket frames, ice skates, fishing rods, fishing lines, etc. However, nylon also has some disadvantages, such as high water absorption, poor dimensional stability; poor heat resistance and light resistance, and poor retention. But these deficiencies can be improved through modification to expand its application range. Modification methods include glass fiber reinforced modification, flame retardant modification, transparent modification, weather resistance modification, etc., to meet the specific requirements for the performance of nylon under different usage conditions or environments. Nylon has the advantages of being non-toxic, lightweight, having excellent mechanical strength, wear resistance and good corrosion resistance. With the development of technology and in-depth modification research, its application fields are still expanding.

The mechanical properties of PBT are similar to those of PA (polyamide, nylon) and POM (polyoxymethylene), which means it performs well in terms of withstanding external forces, tensile resistance and compressive resistance. Its characteristics of a small friction coefficient and good self-lubrication enable it to reduce wear in moving parts, improve the service life and operating efficiency of the parts. Good thermal stability and chemical stability prevent PBT from changing its performance in high temperatures and various chemical environments. The excellent electrical insulation property enables it to provide reliable insulation protection in electrical components. PBT has high rigidity and hardness, and can withstand large loads without deformation. At the same time, it can also show good resistance when impacted and is not easy to break. High dimensional stability helps to ensure the precise dimensions of injection-molded parts and reduce errors. Good heat resistance allows it to work normally at high temperatures. Due to these advantages, PBT is generally applied to the decorative rings of headlamps and the brackets in adjustment devices. After modification, by combining PBT with ASA (acrylonitrile - styrene - acrylate copolymer) and adding glass fiber reinforcement, the performance of the material is further enhanced and can be used to make the shell of fog lamps. Such modification can enhance the strength, weather resistance and impact resistance of the material, better meeting the requirements of the fog lamp shell in complex usage environments. For example, the decorative rings of headlamps of some automotive brands have adopted PBT materials, ensuring stability and reliability during long-term use. In the application of fog lamp shells, the modified PBT material can withstand various tests such as vibrations, temperature changes and possible collisions during vehicle driving.

"PC tea transparent" usually refers to the tea-color transparent polycarbonate (PC) material. PC is a common engineering plastic with a variety of excellent properties. The tea-color transparent PC presents a unique appearance color while maintaining these properties. Its performance characteristics include: 1. **Good impact resistance**: For example, the impact force of the endurance plate can reach 3kg/cm, and the impact strength is 250-300 times that of ordinary glass, 20-30 times that of acrylic sheet, and 2 times that of tempered glass. There is almost no risk of fracture when a 3kg hammer falls from two meters, and it has the reputation of "bulletproof glass" and "loud steel". 2. **Excellent light transmittance**: Good daylighting, and the light transmittance can reach 75%-90%, comparable to glass, and it is not prone to yellowing, atomization, and poor light transmittance when exposed to the sun. 3. **Excellent weather resistance**: The anti-ultraviolet co-extrusion layer on the surface can prevent the resin fatigue and yellowing caused by ultraviolet rays of sunlight, has a good stabilizing effect on photosynthesis of plants, and can maintain stable performance for many years when used outdoors. 4. **Good flame resistance**: It does not spontaneously ignite and has self-extinguishing properties, complies with relevant safety regulations, and the fire protection grade reaches a certain standard, and no toxic gases are produced during combustion. 5. **Good heat resistance and cold resistance**: It will not cause quality deterioration such as deformation within the temperature range of -40°C to +120°C, and can remain stable under some more extreme temperature conditions. 6. **Light and rigid**: The weight is relatively light, only half of that of glass, which is convenient for processing operations such as handling, drilling, and cutting, and is not easy to break during installation. 7. **Strong plasticity**: It can be processed into shapes such as arches, semi-circular roofs and windows by cold bending on the construction site according to the design drawing. The minimum bending radius is a certain multiple of the thickness of the plate, and it can also be hot bent. 8. **Good sound insulation**: It has better acoustic insulation than glass and acrylic plates of the same thickness and is a commonly used material for sound insulation barriers on highways. 9. **Energy saving**: It has a good heat insulation effect, can keep cool in summer and keep warm in winter, and the heat loss is relatively low. In practical applications, the uses of PC tea transparent materials are very wide, for example: 1. **Architectural field**: It can be used to make daylighting panels, curtain walls, partitions, screens, etc. 2. **Advertising field**: Such as billboards, light boxes, etc. 3. **Automotive industry**: Some parts of automobiles, such as lamp covers, etc. 4. **Electronic and electrical industry**: It can be used to make panels of LED display screens, electrical enclosures or components, etc. 5. **Industrial field**: Mechanical enclosures, protective shields, etc. 6. **Daily life**: Some daily necessities, such as the snack storage cabinet of Shui Tian Yi Fang, may also use PC tea transparent materials. PC tea transparent materials produced by different manufacturers may differ in specific performance and specifications, and the price may also vary due to factors such as quality, specifications, and the market.

**Detailed Introduction of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)** PET is the abbreviation of the English name of polyethylene terephthalate (polyethylene terephthalate or poly(ethylene terephthalate)), and it is a crystalline saturated polyester. Its chemical formula is (C₁₀H₈O₄)n, and it is a colorless and transparent (amorphous) or milky white or light yellow solid (crystalline). The main characteristics of PET include: - **Good physical properties**: The density is 1.3-1.4g/cm³, non-toxic, odorless, good hygienic safety, and can be directly used for food packaging; it has good barrier properties and has a high barrier effect on oxygen, water and carbon dioxide; the water absorption rate is low, and it can maintain good dimensional stability; the strength and rigidity are larger among common thermoplastic plastics, the tensile strength of the film can be comparable to that of aluminum foil, it has good folding resistance, but the tear resistance and impact resistance are poor; as the degree of polymerization increases, the melting point will increase. - **Good optical properties**: Good luster, high transmittance, and can block ultraviolet light; amorphous PET has good optical transparency. - **Excellent high and low temperature resistance**: It can be used for a long time within the temperature range of 120°C, and can withstand a high temperature of 150°C for short-term use and a low temperature of -70°C. Moreover, it has little effect on its mechanical properties at high and low temperatures. - **Chemical stability**: It is very stable to dilute acids, especially organic acids, but it is not resistant to the long-term action of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; the ester group is extremely prone to hydrolysis under alkaline conditions, so it is not resistant to dilute alkali at high temperatures, and concentrated alkali can cause it to be damaged at room temperature; it is relatively stable to general non-polar organic solvents and has a certain tolerance to polar organic solvents at room temperature. Some phenolic compounds and mixed solvents can dissolve it under heating conditions. The molecular structure of PET is a linear macromolecule, the functional groups on the molecular chain are neatly arranged, there are no branched chains, it is easy to orient, and it has a certain fiber-forming and film-forming property. Among its repeating units, the flexible alkyl group, the difficult-to-move benzene ring and the polar ester group, a large conjugate system is formed between the ester groups at both ends and the benzene ring, which increases the rigidity of the molecular chain, makes the toughness of the polymer material poor, showing a certain brittleness, and has a higher glass transition temperature and melting point. At the same time, the benzene rings are almost in the same plane, so that the concave and convex parts on adjacent macromolecules can be inlaid with each other, which is conducive to the generation of crystals, and the regularity and non-curling property of the molecular chain can also promote crystallization. The preparation method of PET is usually a chemical synthesis method, using terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol as raw materials. Generally, the intermediate bis-β-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHEt) is synthesized first, and then the polymer is obtained by polycondensation from this intermediate. The synthesis methods of the intermediate BHEt include transesterification method, direct esterification method and ethylene oxide method. The application field of PET is very wide, and the common related products are: - **Bottle resin**: It can be made into bottle containers and used for the packaging of carbonated beverages and purified water, etc. It is characterized by light weight, high strength, good toughness, high transparency, and can withstand higher internal pressure after tensile orientation. It has good chemical stability and high barrier properties. PET resin with higher crystallinity is a better heat-resistant packaging material, suitable for food containers for frozen foods and microwave-treated foods, as well as packaging for hot-filled foods. However, common transparent PET products have low crystallinity and poor temperature resistance. - **Fiber products**: PET materials are readily available and inexpensive, the production process is short and can be produced on a large scale and fully automatically, so the cost is low. Its products include drawn yarn, low elastic deformation yarn, air textured yarn, high strength yarn, staple fiber and drawn sliver, etc. It can be used to make various clothing items, indoor decorations, bedding, etc. The clothes or articles made have a crisp appearance, good shape retention, are easy to wash and dry quickly, and do not need ironing. - **Electronic and electrical aspects**: Reinforced PET can be used to manufacture the shells of connectors, coils, bobbin windings, capacitors, transformers, etc., TV accessories, tuners, switches, automatic fuses, motor brackets and relays, etc. The composite film made of PET can be used as the base material of audio tapes, video tapes, movie films, computer floppy disks, various optical discs, X-ray films, photosensitive films, etc., as well as materials used in the electronic field such as electrical insulation materials, capacitor films, flexible printed circuit boards and film switches. - **Mechanical parts**: PET has the advantages of stable size, high precision, good wear resistance, high strength, light weight, low price and long service life. It can be used to manufacture gears, cams, pump housings, pulleys, motor frames, watch parts, etc. PET is also widely used in the structural parts and electrical accessories of automobiles. It can be used to manufacture distribution panel covers, ignition coils, various valves, exhaust parts, distributor covers, measuring instrument covers, small motor covers, etc. - **Other fields**: It can be used in photovoltaic modules, LED lights, 3D printing consumables, etc.; for manufacturing exterior parts of automobiles; PET sheet is a sheet used for pharmaceutical packaging after polyvinyl chloride sheet. PET film can be used as the base material for medical appliances, or it can be aluminized or coated with polyvinylidene chloride and then compounded with other films to make a composite film for packaging materials of medicines.